Parts of a mushroom and reproductive cycle

This is a classic mushroom with its typical parts. Mushrooms need moisture to appear, they are the fruiting body of the fungus which is usually under the stem, in the substratum. The spores are formed in the gills, fungi don't always have gills, they can have a different structure to produce spores like the pores you can see in fungi like Boletus sp. They can have all the parts above or just some of them: scales, ring and volva aren't always present, it depends on the species.

 

In the second picture you can see how mushrooms reproduce. They don't have real tissue and form long structures called hyphae. A large number of hyphae is called mycelium. When conditions are favorable the mycelium forms the fruiting bodies, that's what we can see and they're called mushrooms. They produce spores and the cycle starts again.